In Pakistan, cousin marriages are extremely commonplace because of which there is also an increased number of genetic diseases in the country. According to an estimate, the number of patients with genetic diseases in the country range between 14 and 16 million. Research has suggested that genetic risks to children’s health are higher amongst children of parents that are closely related. Although cousin marriages take place in both urban and rural areas, they are significantly higher amongst the rural population due to poverty and low literacy rates.
Parents find it easier to marry off children with cousins instead of searching for spouses elsewhere because of monetary reasons or traditions. What many do not realise are the health and disease risks associated with generational cousin marriages. Many doctors believe that asthma, autism, deafness, down’s syndrome, thalassemia, etc are a consequence of interbreeding between close relatives.
To counter the impact of genetic diseases and health risks, people must be informed and educated of the health risks that come with cousin marriages through a large-scale campaign. They must be encouraged to learn of the potential genetic problems and seek medical counselling before starting a family. Additionally, the government should work with the healthcare department to install an appropriate genetic testing infrastructure in Pakistan. There are approximately 55,000 active cases of genetic diseases that could have been avoided with an early diagnosis and treatment. These measures will also lift pressure from the already poor healthcare system of the country.
Maryam Nadeem
Lahore
