Despite several laws prohibiting child marriages, the menace of child marriage is still running rampant in society. The Child Marriage Restraint Act 1929 placed responsibility on three categories i.e. contracting party, promoter of the marriage and guardians or parents. The contracting party or male adult above 18 years of age and those who perform, conduct, or direct any child marriage are all liable to punishment. Also, the parent or guardian of a minor who contracts the child marriage is liable to punishment. Unfortunately, however, these laws are seldom followed especially in the rural areas of the country.
Due to high poverty and low literacy, families see early marriage as a safety net for their daughters. Some families even take money from men wanting to marry their underage daughters. In many cases, young girls are married to even settle tribal disputes, property feuds, etc. Other reasons for child marriages include local customs and traditions. The earlier the girls get married, the more children they are likely to bear, which contributes to overpopulation. Also, girls are faced with severe health risks such as anaemia, hormonal disorders, complications in pregnancy, and malnutrition because girls undergoing growth cannot keep themselves and their babies healthy. Most young brides are uneducated and at higher risk of facing domestic violence because they have limited options to earn and cannot escape abusive marriages. Also, younger mothers are more likely to struggle with the upbringing of their children.
To address the issue of child marriages, local government bodies should ensure that the laws are implemented in both letter and spirit. The provision of CNIC should be made mandatory for the registration of marriages. Also, a widespread campaign can help raise awareness about the harmful impact of child marriages. Importantly, secondary education must be made compulsory, and girls should be given access to the necessary resources and funds to secure their futures.
EENA SIDDIQUE
KARACHI
